As the U.S. prepares for the May 7 deadline for Real ID compliance, privacy experts are raising fresh concerns over the security of personal data tied to the nationwide identity standard. Real ID-compliant licenses or alternative identification will soon be required for domestic flights and federal facility access.
Real ID Implementation and State Resistance
All 50 states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories are issuing Real ID-compliant driver’s licenses, according to the Department of Homeland Security. However, opposition remains in some states. In Maine, a bill sponsored by Rep. Laurel Libby seeks to repeal the state’s compliance with federal Real ID legislation.
Real ID and Biometric Use: TSA Assures Data Deletion
The Transportation Security Administration uses biometric cameras at some locations to verify identity, but photos and personal data are deleted after verification, the TSA says. Images are not retained or shared with other agencies.
Real ID Privacy Concerns and Federal Database Fears
Although Real ID does not create a federal license database, privacy advocates worry it may pave the way for one. “The more information the government has, the more it might use it,” said Jodi Daniels of Red Clover Advisors. ACLU analyst Jay Stanley echoed similar concerns over future surveillance risks.
States Retain Control and Set Cybersecurity Protocols
States remain responsible for issuing IDs and managing data access. While cybersecurity practices vary, experts say controls like encryption are in place. Nonetheless, personal data can be sold to third parties, prompting experts to recommend that consumers contact their state DMV for details on data sharing.
Protecting Personal Information: Consumer Best Practices
Experts advise consumers to freeze credit with major bureaus and use identity monitoring tools. “You only control how much damage thieves can do,” said cybersecurity executive Zulfikar Ramzan. Additional precautions include using two-factor authentication and family code words to prevent impersonation scams.
License Sharing and Mobile IDs on the Horizon
Through the State-to-State (S2S) system, states can verify if applicants hold licenses elsewhere. Some data is also shared with law enforcement. Meanwhile, mobile driver’s licenses (mDLs) are rolling out in several states, offering encrypted digital alternatives that enhance ID security.
Will Real ID modernize identity verification without compromising personal privacy — or will it open the door to federal surveillance infrastructure?
